Foundations are an architectural structure element which connects and transfers the structure loads to the ground. They are generally considered as either shallow or deep and soil and rock mechanics are applied in designing them. Shallow foundations will be used to support small and light buildings and the deep ones support large and heavy structures.
Shallow ones are known as spread and open footings as well because they are visible during construction when the earth is fully excavated first until its bottom. Then each footing of the Kennebunk concrete foundation ideally will take from the column the entire load and spreads it over a huge area. Actual weight on the soil is prevented to exceed the safe bearing capacity it has.
Protecting these foundations from freezing at cold climates is a must because it gets damaged when the surrounding water will freeze and expand. They should be build beneath the frost line or ground level where freezing happens. If this is impossible then an insulation should be protecting them from freezing by having the little heat from that building permeate into the ground.
Shallow footings have several types and one of them is individual footings which the columns carry the building load. Every column has their own footing which is either a square or rectangular tablet of concrete that it sits on. The size pads are dependent on the load. The columns are usually connected by horizontal plinth beam together and is built either below or at the ground level.
Strip footings are another example which are common on masonry constructions which bears load that acts as long strip to support the weight. They are for when walls are being used to carry building loads and not isolated columns instead. Small concrete strips are placed in trenches with a steel used in reinforcing them.
Raft foundations are another one used commonly when basements will be constructed and its floor slab would act as the foundation. The building weight is evenly spread over its entire footprint and is known as a raft the structure looks like floating in soil. They are used when the weak soil is there so the load can be spread on a huge area.
Pile foundations are long cylinders of strong materials like concrete which is pushed in the ground to support the structures on top. The following conditions are the basis of when to use them with the first being when the soil is weak and bypassing this layer is needed because it is unable to support the weight. Another is for concentrated heavy loads of high rise structures.
End bearing piles are one of their two types which a specially strong rock or soil layer is where its bottom is resting. The piles will act like columns through transferring the load into the stronger layer and bypassing the weaker one through it. The key principle it has is it rests in the intersection of strong and weak surface layers.
Another one are friction piles where friction is used in transferring the entire weight across the full height. This can support more if it has greater buried depth. The weight it could support is proportional directly to the length.
Shallow ones are known as spread and open footings as well because they are visible during construction when the earth is fully excavated first until its bottom. Then each footing of the Kennebunk concrete foundation ideally will take from the column the entire load and spreads it over a huge area. Actual weight on the soil is prevented to exceed the safe bearing capacity it has.
Protecting these foundations from freezing at cold climates is a must because it gets damaged when the surrounding water will freeze and expand. They should be build beneath the frost line or ground level where freezing happens. If this is impossible then an insulation should be protecting them from freezing by having the little heat from that building permeate into the ground.
Shallow footings have several types and one of them is individual footings which the columns carry the building load. Every column has their own footing which is either a square or rectangular tablet of concrete that it sits on. The size pads are dependent on the load. The columns are usually connected by horizontal plinth beam together and is built either below or at the ground level.
Strip footings are another example which are common on masonry constructions which bears load that acts as long strip to support the weight. They are for when walls are being used to carry building loads and not isolated columns instead. Small concrete strips are placed in trenches with a steel used in reinforcing them.
Raft foundations are another one used commonly when basements will be constructed and its floor slab would act as the foundation. The building weight is evenly spread over its entire footprint and is known as a raft the structure looks like floating in soil. They are used when the weak soil is there so the load can be spread on a huge area.
Pile foundations are long cylinders of strong materials like concrete which is pushed in the ground to support the structures on top. The following conditions are the basis of when to use them with the first being when the soil is weak and bypassing this layer is needed because it is unable to support the weight. Another is for concentrated heavy loads of high rise structures.
End bearing piles are one of their two types which a specially strong rock or soil layer is where its bottom is resting. The piles will act like columns through transferring the load into the stronger layer and bypassing the weaker one through it. The key principle it has is it rests in the intersection of strong and weak surface layers.
Another one are friction piles where friction is used in transferring the entire weight across the full height. This can support more if it has greater buried depth. The weight it could support is proportional directly to the length.
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